Gary, Indiana Gary, Indiana City of Gary The Genesis Towers (originally the Hotel Gary) and Gary State Bank Building in downtown Gary The Genesis Towers (originally the Hotel Gary) and Gary State Bank Building in downtown Gary Official seal of Gary, Indiana Nickname(s): City in Motion, City of the Century, GI, Magic City of Steel, The Steel City, City on the Move Gary's locale in Lake County (left)and the state of Indiana (right).
Gary's locale in Lake County (left) Named for Elbert Henry Gary Indiana 51.svg Indiana 53.svg Indiana 55.svg Indiana 912.svg Public transit Gary Public Transportation Corp.
Gary (/ ri/) is a town/city in Lake County, Indiana, United States, 25 miles (40 kilometres) from downtown Chicago, Illinois.
The populace of Gary was 80,294 at the 2010 census, making it the ninth-largest town/city in the state of Indiana.
From the middle of the twentieth century to the present, Gary has experienced drastic populace loss, falling by 55 percent from its peak of 178,320 in 1960. Gary is adjoining to the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore and borders Lake Michigan. The town/city is known for its large steel mills, and for being the place of birth of The Jackson 5 music group.
Gary, Indiana, was established in 1906 by the United States Steel Corporation as the home for its new plant, Gary Works.
The town/city was titled after lawyer Elbert Henry Gary, who was the beginning chairman of the United States Steel Corporation.
Gary was the site of civil unrest in the Steel Strike of 1919.
On October 4, 1919, a brawl broke out on Broadway, the chief north-south street through downtown Gary, between striking steel workers and strike breakers brought in from outside.
The jobs offered by the steel trade provided Gary with very rapid expansion and a diverse populace inside the first 26 years of its founding.
According to the 1920 United States Census, 29.7% of Gary's populace at the time was classified as foreign-born, mostly from easterly European countries, with another 30.8% classified as native-born with at least one foreign-born parent.
By the 1930 United States Census, the first census in which Gary's populace exceeded 100,000, the town/city was the fifth biggest in Indiana and comparable in size to South Bend, Fort Wayne, and Evansville.
Gary was also becoming increasingly racially diverse , with 17.8% of the populace classified as black, and 3.5% as Mexican.
Steel's Gary Works in 1973.
Gary's fortunes have risen and declined with those of the steel industry.
In the 1960s, like many other American urban centers reliant on one particular industry, Gary entered a spiral of decline.
Gary's diminish was brought on by the burgeoning overseas competingness in the steel industry, which had caused U.S.
Steel to lay off many workers from the Gary area.
Steel Gary Works working over 30,000 in 1970, declined to just 6,000 by 1990, and further declined to 5,100 in August 2015.
Rapid ethnic change occurred in Gary amid the late 20th century.
These populace shifts resulted in political change which reflected the ethnic demographics of Gary: the non-white share of the city's populace increased from 21% in 1930, 39% in 1960, to 53% in 1970.
Non-whites were primarily restricted to live in the Midtown section just south of downtown (per the 1950 Census, 97% of the black populace of Gary was living in this neighborhood).
Gary had one of the nation's first black mayors, Richard G.
Since the 1930s, Gary had advanced a reputation as a tough town/city due to rampant political corruption, ethnic violence & segregation, workforce unrest, and industrialized pollution.
In the late 1990s and early 2000s, Gary had the highest percentage of African-Americans of U.S.
This no longer applies to Gary since the populace of the town/city has now declined well below 100,000 residents.
As of 2013, the Gary Department of Redevelopment has estimated that one-third of all homes in the town/city are unoccupied and/or abandoned. While Gary has floundered to reestablish a manufacturing base since its populace peak, two casinos opened along the Gary lakeshore in the 1990s, although this has been aggravated by the state method of Cline Avenue, an meaningful access to the area.
Today, Gary faces the problem of a rust belt city, including unemployment, decaying infrastructure, and low literacy and educational attainment levels.
Gary has closed a several of its schools inside the last ten years.
As of 2014, Gary is considering method additional schools in response to budget deficits.
Gary chief of police Thomas Houston was convicted of excessive force and abuse of authority in 2008; he died in 2010 while serving a three-year, five-month federal prison sentence. Gary Bathing Beach Aquatorium Gary City Center Historic District Gary Land Company Building Gary Public Schools Memorial Auditorium Downtown Gary is separated by Broadway into two separate communities.
Originally, the City of Gary consisted of The East Side, The West Side, The South Side (the region south of the train tracks near 9th Avenue) and Glen Park, positioned further South along Broadway.
Gordon & Sons and Goldblatt's Department Stores, in addition to the Fair Department Store all fronting Broadway at the chief street that divided Gary, much like State Street and Madison Streets divides Chicago's North, South, West and East Sides.
The West Side of Gary or West of Broadway, the principal commercial street, had streets titled after the presidents of the United States in order of their election.
This side of town was known for its masonry or brick residences, its taller and larger commercial buildings, including the Gary National Bank Building, Hotel Gary (now Genesis Towers), The Knights of Columbus Hotel & Building (now a seniors building fronting 5th Avenue), the Tivoli Theater (demolished), the U.S.
The areas known as Emerson and Downtown West combine to form Downtown Gary.
A momentous number of older structures have been completed in recent years, but a number of abandoned buildings remain in the downtown area, including historic structures like Union Station and City Methodist Church.
A large region of the downtown neighborhood (including City Methodist) was devastated by fire on October 12, 1997. Interstate 90 divides downtown Gary from the United States Steel plant.
Ambridge Mann is positioned on Gary's near west side along 5th Avenue.
The Gary Masonic Temple is positioned in the neighborhood along with the Ambassador apartment building.
Gary Centennial Landmark.
Brunswick is positioned on Gary's far west side.
The region is south of the Gary Chicago International Airport.
Downtown West is positioned in north-central Gary on the west side of Broadway just south of Interstate 90.
The Genesis Convention Center, the Gary Police Department, the Lake Superior Court House, and the Main Branch of the Gary Public Library are positioned along 5th Avenue.
It is directed by the Gary Public Transportation Corporation and acts as a multimodal hub.
It serves as the Downtown Gary South Shore train station and an intercity bus stop.
Tolleston is one of Gary's earliest neighborhoods, predating much of the rest of the city.
Black Oak is positioned on the far southwest side of Gary, in the vicinity of the Burr Street exit to the Borman Expressway.
It is the only majority-white neighborhood in Gary.
Glen Park is positioned on Gary's far south side and is made up mostly of mid-twentieth-century homes.
The northern portion of Glen Park is home to Gary's Gleason Park Golf Course and the ground of Indiana University Northwest.
Midtown is positioned to the south of Downtown Gary, along Broadway.
Aetna is positioned on Gary's far east side along the Dunes Highway.
Aetna predates the town/city of Gary.
The Town of Aetna was took in in 1928 around the same time Gary took in the Town of Miller.
Emerson is positioned in north-central Gary on the east side of Broadway.
Gary City Hall is positioned in Emerson along with the Indiana Department of Social Services building and the Calumet Township Trustee's office.
A 6,000-seat minor league baseball stadium for the Gary South - Shore Rail - Cats, U.S.
Miller Beach, also known through the years as Miller Station or just simply as Miller, is on Gary's far east side.
Incorporated as an autonomous town in 1907, Miller was took in by the town/city of Gary in 1918.
The Miller Beach region has remained somewhat separated from the rest of Gary both culturally and geographically.
Map of Gary, The grey represents the industrialized corridor Lake County Superior Court House and US Steel Gary Works.
The town/city sits on the southern end of the former lake bed of the prehistoric Lake Chicago, and also the current Lake Michigan.
The sand beneath Gary, and on its beaches, is of such high character that in years past it was mined for the manufacture of glass.
According to the 2010 census, Gary has a total region of 57.18 square miles (148.10 km2), of which 49.87 square miles (129.16 km2) (or 87.22%) is territory and 7.31 square miles (18.93 km2) (or 12.78%) is water. Gary is "T" shaped, with its northern border on Lake Michigan.
At the Northwesternmost section Gary borders Hammond and East Chicago.
Gary's southernmost section borders Griffith, Hobart, Merrillville, and unincorporated Ross. Gary is about 40 miles (64 km) from the Chicago Loop. Gary is listed by the Koppen-Geiger climate classification fitness as humid continental (Dfa).
The weather of Gary is greatly regulated by its adjacency to Lake Michigan, as it sits at the lake's southernmost point.
In summer months Gary is humid.
Snowfall in Gary averages approximately 25 inches per year.
Climate data for Gary, Indiana Gary Community Health Center There are three school districts serving the town/city and multiple charter schools positioned inside the city.
Most enhance schools in Gary are administered by the Gary Community School Corporation.
The other enhance schools inside the town/city are administered by Lake Ridge Schools Corporation, which is the school fitness for the Black Oak neighborhood and unincorporated Calumet Township.
Due to annexation law, Black Oak inhabitants retained their initial school fitness and were not required to attend Gary enhance schools.
Charter schools in Indiana, including those in Gary, are granted charters by one of a small number of chartering establishments.
Charter schools in Gary as of 2011 include Thea Bowman Leadership Academy, Charter School of the Dunes, Gary Lighthouse Charter School (formerly, Blessed Sacrament Parish and Grade School), and 21st Century Charter.
Gary is home to two county-wide state college campuses: The Gary Public Library System consists of the chief library at 220 West 5th Avenue and a several chapters: Brunswick Branch, W.
Kennedy Branch, Tolleston Branch, and Woodson Branch. In March 2011, the Gary Library Board voted to close the chief library on 5th Avenue and the Tolleston branch in what officials said was their best economic option.
Lake County Public Library operates the Black Oak Branch at 5921 West 25th Avenue in the Gary town/city limits. In addition, Indiana University Northwest operates the John W.
Gary is served by the Gary Police Department and the Lake County Sheriff.
Historical photo of the Gary Fire Department in 1914.
The Gary Fire Department (GFD) provides fire protection and emergency medical services to the town/city of Gary. GPTC (Gary Public Transportation Corporation) a commuter bus fitness that offers service to various stops throughout the town/city and neighboring suburbs.
Interstate 90 (Indiana Toll Road), Interstate 80, Interstate 94, and Interstate 65 run through Gary, as well as U.S.
Routes 12 and 20, Indiana State Road 912/Cline Avenue and a former stretch of Indiana State Road 312 now decommissioned.
NICTD (Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District) operates the South Shore Line, a commuter rail fitness (one of the United States' last initial operating interurban stockyards systems), running between Chicago and South Bend.
A Nightmare on Elm Street being filmed in Gary.
The movie starred Gary native Fred Williamson, Pam Grier, Jim Brown, Richard Roundtree, and Isabel Sanford, among others.
Since the early 2000s, Gary has experienced a surge of Hollywood filmmakers wishing to shoot movies in the city.
The History Channel documentary Life After People was filmed in run-down and derelict parts of Gary, Indiana. Meredith Willson's 1957 Broadway musical The Music Man featured the song "Gary, Indiana", in which lead character (and con man) Professor Harold Hill wistfully recalls his alleged hometown.
In the play, Hill claims to be an alumnus of "Gary Conservatory of Music, Class of '05," but his entire reference to Gary is later revealed to be another of his lies, as the City of Gary was not established until 1906.
Steel Yard, home of the Gary South - Shore Rail - Cats The following sports franchises are based in Gary: The Gary South - Shore Rail - Cats are an American Association, experienced baseball team.
The team plays in Gary's U.S.
The Gary Splash are an International Basketball League, experienced basketball team.
Formerly, the Gary Steelheads played in the Genesis Convention Center as part of the IBL, CBA, USBL, and IBL.
Gary Land Company Building Gary City Center Historic District Gary Public Schools Memorial Auditorium Michael Jackson's childhood home in Gary, Indiana, shortly after the singer's death in 2009.
Gary is the hometown of The Jackson 5, a family of musicians who influenced the sound of undivided prominent music.
In Gary, Indiana, after they were married on November 5, 1949.
Murdered in Gary in 2006 Newspapers Gary is served by two primary newspapers based outside the city, and by a Gary-based, largely black interest paper.
These papers furnish county-wide topics, and cover affairs in Gary.
The Post-Tribune, originally the Gary Post-Tribune, is now based in Merrillville, a suburb of Gary.
The Gary Crusader, based in Gary and largely concentrated on black or black interests and subscribers.
The INFO Newspaper, based in Gary and largely concentrated on black or black interests and subscribers.
The Chicago Tribune and the Chicago Sun-Times are also distributed in Gary.
Broadcast Gary is served by five small-town broadcasters plus government access and various Chicago region radio and TV stations, and by other close-by stations in Illinois and Indiana.
WPWR-TV (Channel 50) is the Chicago CW and My - Network - TV affiliate, but is licensed to Gary.
WYIN (Channel 56) is a PBS partner licensed to Gary.
WGVE (FM 88.7) is owned by the Gary Community School Corporation, and is used primarily as a teaching facility.
Programming is maintained by students in the broadcast program at the Gary Career Center.
List of tallest buildings in Gary Neighborhoods in Gary, Indiana Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: City of Gary City of Gary (2008).
City of Gary, Indiana Comprehensive Plan (PDF).
"Gary, Indiana Is Deteriorating So Much That It May Cut Off Services To Nearly Half Of Its Land".
Gary, the most American of all American cities.
"Gary's National Black Political Convention, 40 years on".
"Gary ponders method schools to save cash".
#08-870: Gary, Indiana Former Police Chief Convicted on Federal Civil Rights Violation (September 30, 2008).
"Former Gary police chief dies".
"Gary, Indiana Mayor Rudy Clay Not Seeking Re-Election Due To Illness".
"Democrat Karen Freeman-Wilson easily wins election as Gary's first woman mayor".
"Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Gary, Indiana".
"Gary Weather | Gary IN | Conditions, Forecast, Average".
"Gary (city), Indiana".
"Indiana Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Enumeration to 1990".
Gary Public Library System.
"Gary's chief library closing".
"Gary Fire Department provides a high character emergency fire rescue and emergency medical service".
(October 27, 2009) National Guard armory ready to serve at Gary airport.
'Transformers' set in Gary explosive.
"Mayor Clay's Statement on Gary's 1st Trade Mission to China: Press Statement" (PDF).
"Gary Indiana" (PDF).
City of the Century": A History of Gary, Indiana.
Gary's First Hundred Years: A Centennial History of Gary, Indiana 1906-2006.
Gary, Indiana : a pictorial history.
Steel town/city : urban and ethnic patterns in Gary, Indiana, 1906-1950.
Gary, the most American of all American cities.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gary, Indiana.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Gary.
Gary, Indiana
Categories:
Gary, Indiana - Chicago urbane region - Cities in Indiana - Company suburbs in Indiana - Northwest Indiana - Populated places established in 1906 - Cities in Lake County, Indiana - Populated places on the Great Lakes - Inland port metros/cities and suburbs of the United States - Urban decay in the United States - U.S.
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